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Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America; April 1972; v. 62; no. 2; p. 435-452
© 1972 Seismological Society of America
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Magnitude from short-period P-wave data

K. F. VEITH and G. E. CLAWSON

TELEDYNE GEOTECH, 3401 SHILOH ROAD, GARLAND, TEXAS 75041

Abstract

An empirical surface-focus amplitude-distance curve, based on approximately 2400 short-period P-wave amplitudes from 43 large explosions at 19 different sites, and a corresponding curve based on geometrical spreading in the Herrin earth model are developed. The relative amplitude differences are inverted to obtain the Q structure of the mantle. Theoretical, deep-focus, amplitude-distance curves incorporating geometric spreading and attenuation are developed. Corresponding distance and depth amplitude-correction P factors are given for computing magnitude (mp). The correction factors are evaluated and are shown to provide a significantly improved basis for computing magnitude relative to the presently used Q factors which yield mb. Values of mp were normalized to be equal on the average to values of mb for a surface source; differences in attenuation factors generally make mb larger than mp for deep earthquakes.




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