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Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America; October 1981; v. 71; no. 5; p. 1511-1530
© 1981 Seismological Society of America
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Pn velocity anisotropy in southern California

UTE VETTER* and JEAN-BERNARD MINSTER{dagger}

SEISMOLOGICAL LABORATORY CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PASADENA, CALIFORNIA 91125

Abstract

We analyze Pn propagation as a function of azimuth across a 28-station, 150-km aperture subarray of the SCARLET network centered near the central Transverse Ranges, California. We selected signals from 81 earthquakes and explosions with epicentral distances ranging from 150 to 400 km, covering all azimuths except a 40° gap from the southwest and a lesser gap from the northeast direction. For each source the apparent velocity of Pn was determined using a one-norm measure of misfit. The apparent Pn velocity does not show any systematic variation with epicentral distance but exhibits a strong azimuthal dependence. Our preferred interpretation calls for a slightly dipping (2° to N40W) planar moho, with 3 to 4 per cent anisotropy of subcrustal material. Transverse isotropy with a nearly horizontal symmetry axis is sufficient to explain the data; the direction of sagittal symmetry is N50W. The isotropic velocity of Pn is 7.8 km/sec. In contrast, a higher (8.1 km/sec) Pn velocity is found in the Mojave block, with no indication of anisotropy. These observations are consistent with a subcrustal model of the Pacific-North America plate boundary where ductile flow is characterized by simple shear in a vertical plane with strike parallel to the direction of relative plate motion.

Footnotes

* Present address: Seismological Laboratory, MacKay School of Mines, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557.

{dagger} Present address: Systems, Science and Software, P.O. Box 1620, La Jolla, California 92038.




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