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Joint hypocentral determination and the detection of low-velocity anomalies. An example from the Phlegraean Fields earthquakes

CENTER FOR EARTHQUAKE RESEARCH AND INFORMATION MEMPHIS STATE UNIVERSITY, MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE 38152
INSTITUTE OF GEOPHYSICS AND PLANETARY PHYSICS SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA,, SAN DIEGO A-025, LA JOLLA, CALIFORNIA 92093

Abstract

Arrival time data from the Phlegraean Fields (Italy) earthquake swarm recorded by the University of Wisconsin array in 1983 to 1984 were reanalyzed using a joint hypocentral determination (JHD) technique. The P- and S-wave station corrections computed as part of the JHD analysis show a circular pattern of central positive values surrounded by negative values whose magnitudes increase with distance from the center of the pattern. This center roughly coincides with the point of the maximum uplift (almost 2 m) associated with the swarm. Corrections range from –0.85 to 0.10 sec for P-wave arrivals and from –1.09 to 0.70 sec for S-wave arrivals. We interpret these patterns of corrections as caused by a localized low-velocity anomaly in the epicentral area, which agrees with the results of a previous 3-D velocity inversion of the same data set. The relocated (JHD) epicenters show less scatter than the epicenters obtained in the velocity inversion, and move more of the seismic activity to the vicinity of the only presently active fumarolic feature. The capability of the JHD technique to detect low-velocity anomalies and at the same time to give reliable locations, particularly epicenters, was verified using synthetic data generated for a 3-D velocity model roughly resembling the model obtained by velocity inversion.

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